L2 Countries and Nationalities

(under construction; some stress marks and data missing)

This is a list of often used country and region names, in Croatian, together with associated adjectives, and names of inhabitants (both male and female

The first line contains the English name of a region/country, the Croatian name, and if the name is an really an adjective, there's a mark (adj.); otherwise, adjective is listed after an arrow; then there are names for inhabitants, first male, then female, separated by a tilde.

Although the names of inhabitants are unpredictable, there are couple of common patterns. Nouns for many inhabitants follow the ‘ac/ka scheme’:

Amerikanac (Amerikanc-) ~ Amerikanka

The part before -ac, -c- and -ka stays the same (but observe the stress shift left in feminine, in the standard stress scheme!) so there's no need to list all forms over and over; I'll instead just write – in the usual way:

Amerikanac (-c-) ~ -ka

There's a scheme that's a small variation to the previous, the ‘ac/kinja scheme’:

Danac (Danc-) ~ Dankinja

It applies only to short names (one syllable before -ac), and there's no stress shift. I'll write just:

Danac (-c-) ~ -kinja

There's yet another common scheme for nouns, where male noun is always shortened in plural forms, the ‘in/ka scheme’:

Kanađanin (N-pl Kanađani) ~ Kanađanka

Observe that the stress is the same in male and female noun. I'll write just:

Kanađanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka

Regardless of the scheme, the endings, there's a rule for all nouns for male inhabitants: they always have plural with just -i, regardless of number of syllables:

Hrvat Croat → Hrvati

Rus Russian → Rusi

This means that consonant shifts in masculine N-pl apply as well:

Čeh Czech → Česi

Grk Greek → Grci

Furthermore, certain names of male inhabitants have specific forms (listed below) and are marked by an asterisk (*).

Some countries have more than one name for inhabitants in use; the more common is listed first.

These are common countries and regions in Europe:

country/region (→ adjective)	inhabitants, male ~ female
Albania Albanija → albanski	Alban-ac (-c-) ~ -ka
Austria Austrija → austrijski	Austrijan-ac (-c-) ~ -ka
Britain Britanija → britanski	Britanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Belgium Belgija → belgijski	Belgijanac (-c-) ~ -ka Belgij-ac (-c-) ~ -ka
Bosnia Bosna → bosanski	Bosanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Bulgaria Bugarska (adj.)	Bugarin (N-pl -i) * ~ -ka
Croatia Hrvatska (adj.)	Hrvat ~ Hrvatica
Cyprus Cipar (Cipr-) → ciparski	Cipranin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Czech Rep. Češka (adj.)	Čeh ~ Čehinja
Denmark Danska (adj.)	Danac (-c-) ~ -kinja
England Engleska (adj.)	Englez ~ Engleskinja
Finland Finska (adj.)	Finac (-c-) ~ -kinja
France Francuska (adj.)	Francuz ~ Francuskinja
Germany Njemačka (adj.)	Nijemac (Nijemc-) ~ Njemica
Greece Grčka (adj.)	Grk ~ Grkinja
Herzegovina Hercegovina   → hercegovački	Hercegovac (-c-) ~ -ka
Hungary Mađarska (adj.)	Mađar ~ Mađarica
Ireland Irska (adj.)	Irac (-c-) ~ -kinja
Iceland Island → islandski	Islanđanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Italy Italija → talijanskiʷ¹	Talijan ~ Talijanka
Netherlands Nizozemska (adj.)	Nizozemac (-c-) ~ -ka
Norway Norveška (adj.)	Norvežanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Poland Poljska (adj.)	Poljak ~ Poljakinja
Portugal Portugal → portugalski	Portugalac (-c-) ~ -ka
Russia Rusija → ruski	Rus ~ Ruskinja
Romania Rumunjska (adj.)	Rumunj ~ Rumunjka
Scotland Škotska (adj.)	Škot ~ Škotkinja
Serbia Srbija → srpski	Srbin * ~ Srpkinja
Slovakia Slovačka (adj.)	Slovak ~ Slovakinja
Slovenia Slovenija → slovenski	Slovenac (-c-) ~ -ka
Spain Španjolska (adj.)	Španjolac (-c-) ~ -ka
Sweden Švedska (adj.)	Šveđanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Swizerland Švicarska (adj.)	Švicarac (-c-) ~ -ka
Turkey Turska (adj.)	Turčin * ~ Turkinja
Wales Vels → velški	Velšanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka

These are common countries and regions outside Europe:

country/region (→ adjective)	inhabitants, male ~ female
Africa Afrika → afrički	Afrikanac (-c-) ~ -ka
America Amerika → američki	Amerikanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Arabia Arabija → arapski	Arapin * ~ Arapkinja
Brazil Brazil → brazilski	Brazilac (-c-) ~ -ka
Canada Kanada → kanadski	Kanađanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Chile Čile m → čileanski	Čileanac (-c-) ~ -ka
China Kina → kineski	Kinez ~ Kineskinja
Egypt Egipat (Egipt-) → egipatski	Egipćanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
India Indija → indijski	Indijac (-c-) ~ -ka
Japan Japan → japanski	Japanac (-c-) ~ -ka

These are major regions within Croatia:

region (→ adjective)	inhabitants, male ~ female
Dalmatia Dalmacija → dalmatinski	Dalmatinac (-c-) ~ -ka
Istria Istra → istarski	Istrijan ~ Istrijanka Istranin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Cro. Littoral Primorje → primorski	Primorac (-c-) ~ -ka
Slavonia Slavonija → slavonski	Slavonac (-c-) ~ -ka
Zagorje → zagorski	Zagorac (-c-) ~ -ka

All masc. nouns that end in -in lose that ending in plural (for example Srbin Serb); furthermore, the noun Turčin Turk has specific forms in plural:

N	Srbin	Turčin
A	Srbina	Turčina
	...	...
N-pl	Srbi	Turci
DLI-pl	Srbima	Turcima
A-pl	Srbe	Turke
G-pl	Srba	Turaka

The nouns Arapin and Bugarin have double present tense forms, e.g. both Arap and Arapin, etc. (shorter forms are not accepted in Standard Serbian).

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