Symbols & Abbreviations

The following symbols and abbreviations are used in the text (additional abbreviations appear in the Core Dictionary). Some abbreviations have links to the chapter or chapters where the term was introduced:

®a point of difference within Croatia, or vs. Bosnia, Serbia or Montenegro
²second-position word (also called enclitic) § 08
¨word pronounced with the following word (also called proclitic) § 04
~verb aspect pair (or triplet) § 37
~~verb pair, with an inchoative perf. verb § 68
verb pair, with a semelfactive ('atomic') perf. verb § 68
°impersonal verb in the present tense
«stress moves one syllable to the left (in the Standard scheme) § 12
»stress moves one syllable to the right
astressed vowel § 01
{m}masculine speaker § 13
{f}feminine speaker § 13
Aaccusative case (the object case) § 03, 05, 14
A-placcusative case in plural
adj.adjective § 10
DLdative/locative case § 15, 17
DLI-pldative/locative/instrumental case in plural § 36
fem.feminine (gender) § 10
Ggenitive case § 20
G-plgenitive case in plural § 44
Iinstrumental case § 35
imper-2imperative form of a verb, 2nd pers. singular § 53
imper-xplimperative form of a verb, xth person (x = 1, 2), plural § 53
impf.imperfective (verb) § 37
inch.inchoative perf. verb (start-of-state or start-of-action) § 68
indecl.indeclinable noun or adjective, same in all cases
infinfinitive (dictionary form of a verb) § 02
lit.literally, word-by-word translation
masc.masculine (gender) § 10
Nnominative case (the default, subject case)
N-plnominative case in plural § 25, 29
neut.neuter (gender) § 10
past-ypast participle of a verb, in gender y (y = m, f, n) § 24
perf.perfective (verb) § 37
plur.plural
pres-xpresent form of a verb, xth person (x = 1, 2, 3) § 02
pres-xplpresent form of a verb, xth person (x = 1, 2, 3), plural
sing.singular
smlf.semelfactive verb (an unit of action or a short action) § 68
Vvocative case § 72
5 Easy Croatian: Symbols & Abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations are used in the text (additional abbreviations appear in the Core Dictionary ). Some abbreviations h...

↓ Add Your Comment (click here)