L2 Countries and Nationalities

(under construction; some stress marks and data missing)

This is a list of often used country and region names, in Croatian, together with associated adjectives, and names of inhabitants (both male and female

The first line contains the English name of a region/country, the Croatian name, and if the name is an really an adjective, there's a mark (adj.); otherwise, adjective is listed after an arrow; then there are names for inhabitants, first male, then female, separated by a tilde.

Although the names of inhabitants are unpredictable, there are couple of common patterns. Nouns for many inhabitants follow the ‘ac/ka scheme’:

Amerikanac (Amerikanc-) ~ Amerikanka

The part before -ac, -c- and -ka stays the same (but observe the stress shift left in feminine, in the standard stress scheme!) so there's no need to list all forms over and over; I'll instead just write – in the usual way:

Amerikanac (-c-) ~ -ka

There's a scheme that's a small variation to the previous, the ‘ac/kinja scheme’:

Danac (Danc-) ~ Dankinja

It applies only to short names (one syllable before -ac), and there's no stress shift. I'll write just:

Danac (-c-) ~ -kinja

There's yet another common scheme for nouns, where male noun is always shortened in plural forms, the ‘in/ka scheme’:

Kanađanin (N-pl Kanađani) ~ Kanađanka

Observe that the stress is the same in male and female noun. I'll write just:

Kanađanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka

Regardless of the scheme, the endings, there's a rule for all nouns for male inhabitants: they always have plural with just -i, regardless of number of syllables:

Hrvat CroatHrvati Rus RussianRusi

This means that consonant shifts in masculine N-pl apply as well:

Čeh CzechČesi Grk GreekGrci

Furthermore, certain names of male inhabitants have specific forms (listed below) and are marked by an asterisk (*).

Some countries have more than one name for inhabitants in use; the more common is listed first.

These are common countries and regions in Europe:

country/region (→ adjective) inhabitants, male ~ female
Austria Austrijaaustrijski Austrijan-ac (-c-) ~ -ka
Britain Britanijabritanski Britanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Belgium Belgijabelgijski
 
Belgijanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Belgij-ac (-c-) ~ -ka
Bosnia Bosnabosanski Bosanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Bulgaria Bugarska (adj.) Bugarin (N-pl -i) * ~ -ka
Croatia Hrvatska (adj.) Hrvat ~ Hrvatica
Cyprus Cipar (Cipr-) → ciparski Cipranin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Czech Rep. Češka (adj.) Čeh ~ Čehinja
Denmark Danska (adj.) Danac (-c-) ~ -kinja
England Engleska (adj.) Englez ~ Engleskinja
Finland Finska (adj.) Finac (-c-) ~ -kinja
France Francuska (adj.) Francuz ~ Francuskinja
Germany Njemačka (adj.) Nijemac (Nijemc-) ~ Njemica
Greece Grčka (adj.) Grk ~ Grkinja
Hungary Mađarska (adj.) Mađar ~ Mađarica
Ireland Irska (adj.) Irac (-c-) ~ -kinja
Iceland Islandislandski Islanđanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Italy Italijatalijanskiʷ¹ Talijan ~ Talijanka
Netherlands Nizozemska (adj.) Nizozemac (-c-) ~ -ka
Norway Norveška (adj.) Norvežanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Poland Poljska (adj.) Poljak ~ Poljakinja
Portugal Portugalportugalski Portugalac (-c-) ~ -ka
Russia Rusijaruski Rus ~ Ruskinja
Romania Rumunjska (adj.) Rumunj ~ Rumunjka
Scotland Škotska (adj.) Škot ~ Škotkinja
Serbia Srbijasrpski Srbin * ~ Srpkinja
Slovakia Slovačka (adj.) Slovak ~ Slovakinja
Slavonia Slovenijaslovenski Slovenac (-c-) ~ -ka
Spain Španjolska (adj.) Španjolac (-c-) ~ -ka
Sweden Švedska (adj.) Šveđanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Swizerland Švicarska (adj.) Švicarac (-c-) ~ -ka
Turkey Turska (adj.) Turčin * ~ Turkinja
Wales Velsvelški Velšanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka

These are common countries and regions outside Europe:

country/region (→ adjective) inhabitants, male ~ female
Africa Afrikaafrički Afrikanac (-c-) ~ -ka
America Amerikaamerički Amerikanac (-c-) ~ -ka
Arabia Arabijaarapski Arapin * ~ Arapkinja
Brazil Brazilbrazilski Brazilac (-c-) ~ -ka
Canada Kanadakanadski Kanađanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Chile Čile m → čileanski Čileanac (-c-) ~ -ka
China Kinakineski Kinez ~ Kineskinja
Egypt Egipat (Egipt-) → egipatski Egipćanin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
India Indijaindijski Indijac (-c-) ~ -ka
Japan Japanjapanski Japanac (-c-) ~ -ka

These are major regions within Croatia:

region (→ adjective) inhabitants, male ~ female
Dalmatia Dalmacijadalmatinski Dalmatinac (-c-) ~ -ka
Istria Istraistarski
 
Istrijan ~ Istrijanka
Istranin (N-pl -i) ~ -ka
Cro. Littoral Primorjeprimorski Primorac (-c-) ~ -ka
Slavonia Slavonijaslavonski Slavonac (-c-) ~ -ka
Zagorjezagorski Zagorac (-c-) ~ -ka

All masc. nouns that end in -in lose that ending in plural; furthermore, the noun Turčin Turk has specific forms in plural:

N Srbin Turčin
A Srbina Turčina
... ...
N-pl Srbi Turci
DLI-pl Srbima Turcima
A-pl Srbe Turke
G-pl Srba Turaka

The nouns Arapin and Bugarin have double present tense forms, e.g. both Arap and Arapin, etc. (shorter forms are not accepted in Standard Serbian).

5 Easy Croatian: L2 Countries and Nationalities (under construction; some stress marks and data missing) This is a list of often used country and region names, in Croatian, together with...

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